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Summary - Essay shellwhich contributed to the development of the New Negro movement and culture. The book helps us better understand the reasons and realms of political and friendly struggle of Afro American people as well as get acquainted with the major ethnic achievements of the time.Lewiss article The City of Refuge may be nomin eachy divided into two sections in the jump part the author gives an overview of lifestyle and conditions in Harlem of the late 1910s, while another part is dedicated to Marcus Garvey his biography, views and activity. work is majorly focused between 130th to 145th Streets, where the number of Afro American inhabitants was the highest. Everybody in Harlem was rich, - David Lewis (1997) wrote. Hotels, cabarets, vaudeville houses, casinos were everywhere in Harlem. They brought together talented and famous composers, musicians, singers, dancers, poets and others. It was the time when Negro music such as grapple and dances became popular all over Ame rica. Names of Jim Europe, Irene and Vernon Castle, Nick la Rocca were well-known and celebrated far beyond Harlem.At the same time, Harlem was a forum for serious racial palaver (Lewis, 1997), where the views of Marcus Garvey were hears for the first time. Bearing pan-African ideas, he stayed for the recognition of African nationality, proclaimed the necessity of creating the country of New Africa that would be a motherland for Negros all over the world, defended ethnic identity and equal rights with whites of scurrilous people.Another Lewiss article Stars outlines lives and works of four big poets of Harlem Renaissance Claude McKay, Jean Toomer, Langston Hughes, Countee Cullen. In their poems and ballads, authors strove to promote racial advancement through artistic creativity (Lewis, 1997) and showed that black poetry can be not least worthy than non-blacks. These poets laid