The Effects Of Delinquency On Children s Life - 1657 Words

To say that America has a lot of crime would be a bit of an understatement. Each year, approximately 13 million arrests are made in the United States. Individuals between the ages of 14-17 account for 14 percent of violent crime arrests and 23 percent of property crime arrests. While these percentages may not seem staggering, children between the ages of 14-17 only make up roughly 6 percent of the U.S. population. It is clear that teens commit more crimes than adults, and that if we can reduce the amount of delinquency that occurs in the United States, then we will also reduce the amount of crime. To understand how to prevent delinquency, we must first understand what causes it. Delinquency can be caused by a number of factors†¦show more content†¦Unfortunately, remarriage does not lessen the effects of the divorce and are proven to be less stable than families with two biological parents. However, divorce or family breakup is not necessary to have family conflict. S ome married couples never get divorced but continue living in constant aggression and conflict. There is very little difference between the behavior of children who witness intrafamily violence and those who are the victims of violence and abuse. Also harmful to a child s development is the lack of skill some parents have raising their children, also known as parental efficacy. A lack of parental efficacy can lead to delinquency through the means of overly-harsh discipline, inconsistent supervision, and poor communication. Children of working mothers and larger families are at a higher risk of delinquency as well. While family structure is essential to the development of youth, just as influential are the behaviors and deviance of the family. Studies have show that a significant number of delinquent youth have criminal fathers. Unsurprisingly, delinquent siblings can also have an effect on the delinquency of youth. Of course, child abuse and neglect can cause serious proble ms for a child and lead to delinquency. Being abused or neglected as a child can increase the likelihood of delinquency by 59 percent. Being physically abused also increases the chances of committing

Why Is Success So Strongly Behind The Idea Of Whiteness...

Why is success so strongly tied to the idea of whiteness? As a child in a predominantly white area, many people said I acted white—along with many other black kids. How is it that as a dark skinned black woman I could act the color white? Well, white wasn’t simply referring to color or heritage rather any and all positive attributes a person would ever wish to possess. They saw my knowledge, my intelligence, my solid upbringing, the manner in which I carried myself as white. Furthermore, my positive traits made me worthy of whiteness. It was quiet bothersome that anything positive made me white, ignoring the fact that many black people were like myself and I was not an anomaly. However, the moment I became angry, did something bad or incorrect, they would say â€Å"there’s the black in you.† This thought process isn’t unique to my small town. Unfortunately, many people think like this. The image of blackness has been painted as disgraceful and negat ive, while the image of whiteness is painted as elegant and positive. Society has socially constructed whiteness as the goal for success, by disparaging blackness. The image of blackness is often inaccurately displayed. For example, texts like Conrad’s Heart of Darkness do much harm to the image of the blackness. Conrad portrays Africans as savages and depicts the land that they valued as worthless: â€Å"Land in a swamp, march through the woods, and in some inland post feel the savagery, the utter savagery†¦he has to live in the midstShow MoreRelatedA Brief Note On The American Criminal Justice System Essay2916 Words   |  12 Pages14 Racism in the American Criminal Justice System Mia Hayat Antioch University Abstract This paper discusses the social justice issue of discrimination in the American criminal justice system. It reveals the history behind the integrated racism in the system and its effect on people of color. 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To Kill a Mockingbird Atticus Closing Argument free essay sample

Atticus: To being with, this case should never have come to trial. We are looking at an innocent man here, one whom the prosecution has not conjured up enough evidence to make this man guilty. We must, as moral people, take ourselves out of our bodies, and place our minds into another man’s mind, a human being’s mind, one of Tom Robinson and imagine the trials and tribulations he must face as an innocent man. Would you be able to do it? Put away an innocent man. Is it the color of his skin that makes him guilty to you, or his actions that make him innocent to me? We are all one, and we cannot look at a black man as immoral when he is one of us. Imagine yourself as the minority and what emotions you would be facing on a daily basis if you were in the shoes of Tom Robinson. We will write a custom essay sample on To Kill a Mockingbird Atticus Closing Argument or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Would you be able to live with yourself knowing that you are putting away an innocent man? Can you even play with the idea that possibly he did not do this crime you are charging him with? Try to take yourself out of what you have been spoon fed to know, and use your own minds and hearts to look within yourselves to put away your stereotypes and try to see that the man you are facing is innocent. The more we hate, the less love we know. The more we violate, the less peace we will see, and the more we turn our backs on what is right, the more wrong we will do. If a woman came on to you, and tempted you, would you feel that your reaction to her seductive nature should be one that this man deserves? What makes this action so unspeakable? That a white woman wanted the attention of a black man? We would not be faced with this trial if Tom Robinson was a white man. And because she chose a black man for affection, we are standing here eliminating her offense, which is a human being. This to you, my fellow jurors, should stand out as morally incorrect. Look beyond our rigid and time-honored code of our society, and look beyond to the truth. Tom Robinson stands in a difficult place, facing all you white men in an upward battle. It is his word against the worlds. Now gentlemen, do what this country stands for, do what the manifest destiny of our founders were and let us lead by example rather than by hate. If you have any doubt within you, regarding Tom Robinson’s innocence, then look deeper within your hearts to follow your duty. This is not a piece of evidence that we can abolish and get rid of, this is our society, and a human being. We are all connected therefore we shouldn’t deteriorate one another by making a wrong decision.

itle Land Law Assignment Semester Essay Example

itle: Land Law Assignment Semester Essay Part 1 – The Easement Easements can be hard to specify but in essence consist of rights attached to one piece of land which are exercisable over another piece( Mackenzie, p.495 ). In this instance, Mohammed and Rubina ( M A ; R ) will be trying to asseverate a right-of-way purportedly attached to their freshly purchased registered secret plan of land [ 1 ] which would run over Giles’ land. Easements must normally run into the four demands ofRhenium: Ellenborough Park[ 2 ] in order to be valid. These are: a dominant/servient tenement, diverseness of ownership, it must confabulate a benefit on the servient land, and be sufficiently certain( Gray, p.214 ) .In this instance, Giles’ land would be the servient and M A ; R’s the dominant. However, scrutiny in item is non necessary because a right-of-way is a long recognized signifier of easement,Borman V Griffith[ 3 ]( MacKenzie, p.499 ) .However,the of import inquiry confronting M A ; R is:was this easement granted to them? We will write a custom essay sample on itle: Land Law Assignment Semester specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on itle: Land Law Assignment Semester specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on itle: Land Law Assignment Semester specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It is clear that Gilesdid non expressly allow them a right-of-way and does non now wish to make so now.So, as such, an express grant is out of the inquiry. Hence, M A ; R will be seeking to set up the grant of an easement based on animplied grant. There are three by and large accepted paths to obtaining an easement by implied grant( Gray, p.225 ) . Easement of necessity:we are told that M A ; R can merely entree their piece of land by using the route over Giles’ land. This indicates that their secret plan of land is seemingly landlocked. Hence it could be argued that it is an absolute necessity for the enjoyment of their land that they utilise the right-of-way. Hence, it was frequently though that the tribunals would connote into the conveyance entree to their land( Gray, p.225 ) .However, on closer scrutiny of the facts, there appears to be other possible paths over other land because Giles suggests this in the inquiry. It may necessitate the purchase of other neighbour’s land or the edifice of a route ; but so be it. The tribunals have demonstrated that they will non deliver buyers from what is merely a bad tradeNickerson V Barraclough[ 4 ] The 2nd class is that ofeasements of common purpose ( Gray, p.226 )which we can disregard these as it is clear there was evidently no common purpose whatsoever. The regulation in Wheeldon V Burrows: this would offer hope for M A ; R [ 5 ] . The footing of this philosophy are obiter remarks in the instance ofWheeldon V Burrows[ 6 ] to the consequence that the purchaser of a piece of land will get easements by deduction which are ( a ) uninterrupted and evident and, ( B ) in usage by the marketer for the benefit of the land at sale clip and ( degree Celsius ) moderately necessary for enjoyment of the land. All three of these conditions are potentially met by the private road as it is clearly evident and it was in usage by Giles for the benefit of the secret plan he sold – if nil else it helped sell it to M A ; R by giving them the feeling of entree. Equally, M A ; R can non bask the land if they can non entree it. However, how could Giles hold had an easement on the two secret plans of land when he owned both? Does it non transgress the regulations established inEllenboroughof diverseness of ownership of the dominant and servient lands? This is true, but it is overcome by depicting it as aquasi-easements ( Gray, p.226) . The easement so crystallises into full easement position when the land is subdivided and sold. This evidently goes further than the deduction of an easement based on the purchase – it is the creative activity of something that was non an easement. But what the tribunal is making is halting the seller minimizing from his grant. M A ; R saw the land assumed private road was of course included. This philosophy is, presumptively, designed to forestall sharp’ sellers feeding on guiltless buyers. Finally, our advice is that an easement would probably be granted by deductions underWheeldonand it would be a legal easement instead than an just one because it is implied into a title reassigning legal rubric and as such acquires legal position itself. A few cautions should be stated: inWheeler V Saunders[ 7 ] a feasible entree path was fatal to the claim ; if one could be acquired easy it may extenuate against M A ; R. The right of manner they may get by deduction may be one for the occasional agricultural usage of the secret plan non one for edifice and domestic usage. If Giles had no cognition of their edifice programs and neer used the private road for such intents so how could it be implied into the conveyance? Part 2 – The Restrictive Covenant Covenants are merely understandings contained in a title made between two estate holders where one promises to make, or chorus from making, some act in relation to a definable piece of the other’s estate. In the right idiom one piece of land becomes thedominantland and the other theservientbecause one isbenefitedby the covenanted right and other isburdenedby it( Duddington, p.142 ). It is indispensable to retrieve that compacts are in kernel contracts. Historically, these contracts were used as a signifier of be aftering control leting one party to shape the utilizations put to set down he sold (Gray, p.472) . However, jobs occurred when the covenanter/covenantee has changed. Under the philosophy of privity of contract it is clear that the tribunals would non likely enforce the original compact in jurisprudence [ 8 ] see( Duddington, p.155) A ;Rhone V Stephens.[ 9 ] Using this we can see that M A ; R are non a party to any compact with the original covenanteein the eyes of the jurisprudence. However, it is every bit clear that equity had no such concerns and has conferred a proprietary nature to the rights accruing under certain compacts and positions it as conscienceless that they would non be enforced see( Gray, p.284) A ;Tulk V Moxhay[ 10 ] . So, viewed through equity, it is possible to asseverate that a covenanter and covenantee both have proprietary rights in the servient land [ 11 ] . This is the job confronting M A ; R – Giles is efficaciously claiming a owner right over M A ; R’s land because of thisnegative compact– i.e. negative because it does non necessitate outgo merely that it is complied with( Gray, p.478 ) . The normal path to analyzing such jobs is to corroborate that the load and benefit of the compact has passed successfully to both benefited and burdened land. It is required that both benefit and load will hold passed otherwise any action will neglectSainsbury v Enfield LBC[ 12 ]. The Benefit: We know that Lord Cardigan is the original covenantee as he drew up the compact and it was his lands that benefited from this compact. Giles claims this benefit has passed to his land . However, it is non clear how he is claiming that the benefit has passed to him i.e. has been transmitted – the most likely path is that of annexation( Gray, p.487) . Annexation is the procedure by which the benefits and rights to implement are attached or engrafted onto a piece of land instead than any individual. This could hold occurred in a figure of ways in our instance – Giles might hold merely purchased the full estate from Cardigan or, more likely, Giles purchased a part of the Cardigan estate and as such he is claiming the benefit of the compact has been engrafted onto his land. This would depend on the express diction of the original compact – which we don’t have – but it is really likely that the diction of the compact would hold extended to the full Cardigan estate. And as such could be acquired by bomber estates as perZetland V Driver[ 13 ] andMorrelss V Oxford United FC[ 14 ].Although, the tribunals are every bit willing in certain instancesRe Ballard’s Conveyance[ 15 ]to govern that a compact can non use to big estate as it merely benefits a little part of it. In this instance, it would evidently turn on facts we don’t have – but it is likely that Cardigan was protecting his position of the sea and this may good widen to the whole estate. However, we are told a cardinal fact! This is that the compact was made in 1926 and this clearly points us towards the opinion inFederated Homes v Mill Lodge[ 16 ] which said thats78 ( 1 ) of the LPA 1925would use and that the compact runs with the and for the benefit of his replacements in rubric, individuals deducing rubric under him or them and other proprietors and residents . This would look to copper fix the benefit to Giles estate – there are nevertheless unfavorable judgments of this opinion (Mackezie, p.547) .The critical point is that even if the Cardigan dominant tenement has been later fragmented it does non forestall Giles from claiming the benefit accruing to the dominant land.So it is possible that the benefit has passed. The Burden:The path of the transmittal of the load of this compact is drawn fromTulk V Moxhayand its subsequent developments (Mackenzie, p.541 ) .The demands are ( one ) it must be a negative compact – it is ( two ) that the parties intended the load to run: we don’t have the facts to make up ones mind this but s.79 of the LPA 1925infers this in most instances. ( three ) that the covenantee owned the land at the day of the month of the compact: once more this is evidently so in his instance. ( four ) that the just rules will use in general: the important point here is that M A ; R weregiven notice of the compact by their canvasser. So, likeTulkthey have notice and equity will probably keep this critical. The advice given to M A ; R would be that, leting for facts we don’t have, it is possible that Giles could implement the compact against M A ; R. The redress for Giles would be either an injunction or amendss in stead of an injunction. However, cautions exist: the footing for the determination inTulkis equity i.e. that the act contemplated was conscienceless in equity. However, it might be every bit conscienceless and a breach of the clean hands axiom to let Giles to implement the compact if he knew what M A ; R had in head for the land and efficaciously put a trap. This is reinforced by the fact that if they have begun edifice Giles would hold received presentment of the planning permission and non objected. Part 3 – Adverse Possession In order for Mr. Smith to claim rubric to the disputed portion of M A ; R’s land through a successful claim of inauspicious ownership, he will necessitate to overcome a figure of hurdlings. Adverse ownership of freehold registered land is now governed by a blend of legislative act:Schedule 6 of the Land Registration Act 2002and case in point. Critically this new piece of statute law has well reformed the jurisprudence on inauspicious ownership – and fortuitously for M A ; R it has drawn the teeth( Wilkie, p.25 )of the philosophy of inauspicious ownership. TheLRA 2002foremost requires that there is at leastten old agesofinauspicious ownershipinstantly predating the application to go the registered proprietors.97, Sch.6, Para 1 ( 1 ). We are told Mr. Smith has potentially been in business for approximately ten old ages so it would be of import to make up ones mind which side of the 10 old ages he falls. However, foremost we should make up ones mind if me meets the demand of adverse possession . From the recent seminal instance ofPye V Graham[ 17 ],it is apparent that the phrase inauspicious ownership has a specific intension beyond its normal usage. It requires a brotherhood of both inauspiciousfactual ownershipand anpurpose to possess( Gray, p.151 ) . Factual ownership:It was said in the recent of import instance ofPye V Graham[ 18 ] that this first requires a ownership of the land that is adverse to the paper owner- and non under any signifier of permission from the proprietor. Furthermore, factual ownership requires that the alleged owner has an appropriate grade of physical control and has to be covering with the land as an occupying proprietor might hold been expected to cover with it and that no 1 else has done so.Powell v McFarlane[ 19 ] . Using this to Smith, we can see that he has been croping sheep on land but are told anything concrete about the degree of ownership he has. InPye V Graham, a similar instance affecting graze, the owner padlocked the gate giving him sole entree to the land and utilised it in combination with his ain land on an next secret plan. The important point is non the physical control per Se, but that he occupied and used the land like an proprietor would hold. InTecbild V Chamberlain[ 20 ] the ad ho c maintaining of ponies on a land and the playing of kids was non sufficient to amount to factual ownership. It would be fatal to Mr. Smith is that if other husbandmans besides used the land or if the paper proprietor besides utilised the land as this would turn out Smith had non the needed grade of control. Combined with factual ownership is a demand ofknowing ownership– this has been described inPowell v McFarlaneas the purpose, in one’s ain name and on one’s ain behalf, to except the universe at big, including the proprietor with the paper rubric. This is non an purpose to have but merely to ownership to the exclusion of others( Gray, p.155 ) .We lack any grounds of this either manner. However, we will presume he has the necessary purpose and continue [ 21 ] . Having already established above that Smith is perchance in inauspicious ownership we must now refocus on the clip period of 10 old ages and give our advice consequently: Ten old ages has elapsed:UnderSch.12.para.18 ( 1 )LRA 2002if ten old ages has elapsed so Smith can use for enrollment to be made in this name –it does non count that the registered proprietor has changed per Se, the clock will non halt(Duddington, p.88 ). The land register must so advise all of those on the registrar with an involvement and if they object within 65 concern yearss so usually the claim is suspended( Burn, p.252 ). M A ; R so have two old ages to recover ownership and evict Smith. M A ; R have evidently non received this so you might believe the ten old ages has non elapsed. But it is possible that the 10 old ages has elapsed and the presentment had been sent to Giles or to the incorrect reference. Either manner, Smith has an unregistered involvement in the land which he may desire to exercise. The job so becomes one underSchedule.3.Para.2i.e. those claiming over-riding involvements, which do non necessitate to be registered. In order for Smith to protect any involvement he has under inauspicious ownership it would necessary, at the clip of sale, that he must be in actual occupation( Mackenzie, p.133 ) .Actual business is an elusive term and there is much instance jurisprudence, but sheep roving on to set down to crop would unlikely be ascertainable on a reasonably careful inspection by M A ; R. InStockholm Finance v Garden Retentions[ 22 ] irregular business was held to be fatal,although inKling V Keston[ 23 ] some signifier of declarative presence was held sufficient. It would turn on facts we don’t have – but suffice it to state that if a immense flock of sheep were for good croping on the land at the clip of purchase M A ; R should hold asked whose sheep are those? . Ten old ages non elapsed: If the 10 old ages has non elapsed so M A ; R must confirm ownership and take proceedings to take Smith from the land. The missive to Smith will non halt the clock running on the 10 old ages and if he was in existent business neither will the alteration of ownership. However, the ball is steadfastly in Smith’s tribunal and as the freshly registered proprietors they will be notified. No affair what occurs M A ; R should be protected because of the demand of notice and their ability to object and so take Smith. Theexistent dangerfor M A ; R is that if the ten-years has already run out, or may be about to, and Smith may use for immediate enrollment under the exclusions to the notice period inSch.7.Para5 ( 4 ) ( 5 ) LRA 2002and claim that this is a instance of boundary line difference and as the boundary line was non fixed and that he reasonably believed that the land belonged to him for the ten old ages [ 24 ] . Without farther facts this is hard to judge on, but it would be a concern as it boundary land and if sheep wander it may non be demarcated. Bibliography / Reference Burn,2004,Land Law Cases and Materials, Oxford University Press. Duddington, 2007,Land Law Express, Pearson Publishing. Gray, 2006,Land Law – Core Text Series 4ThursdayEdition, OUP. Mackenzie,Textbook on Land Law 10ThursdayEdition, OUP. Wilkie, 2005,Land Law Q A ; A Blackstone’s, OUP. 1

War on Drugs and Its Effects

Introduction Drug trafficking has become a common problem in modern societies due to the high number of its effects. People have intentionally abused drugs by using them for purposes other than the prescribed ones. This has led to the formation of laws to govern drug trafficking and drug use in most countries that are determined to eradicate this problem. Drugs are not a problem to the society; however, drug abuse causes complications that make them harmful to users and other people.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on War on Drugs and Its Effects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A drug is a substance taken to give the user pleasure and satisfaction. People take drugs due to various reasons including treatment of diseases, pain relieving and disease prevention (Mendoza 2010). However, some drugs are used for refreshment and entertainment like alcohol, cigarettes, cocaine, bhang and heroin. Even though, some drugs are used for curative or pain relieving purposes some people misuse them hence causing unintended effects in their bodies. Even though, there are no exact figures to represent the actual problem of drug abuse in the modern society, there are credible statistics that offer information about drug dealing and abuse. The results show that Afghanistan, Russia, United States, Mexico, Colombia, Iran and Australia record high number of drug trafficking, use and abuse. Most drug abusers are youths and adults experiencing stress and depression (Global Commission on Drug Policy 2011). Most people abuse drugs due to lack of jobs that make them desperate and idle. As a result, they resort to abuse drugs to escape from world realities. Moreover, constant family conflicts between couples make them start using drugs and without knowing they end up abusing them. In addition, loss of jobs due to retrenchment or recession makes people abuse drugs as they seek ways of forgetting their predicaments (United Nations 2012). However, most youths abuse drugs after failing to meet their academic expectations. Some also abuse drugs due to pressure from their peers and curiosity to experiment the effects of these drugs. The â€Å"War on Drugs† refers to military steps taken to curb drug abuse, production and trade. These steps include fighting the production of prohibited drugs, educating the public on dangers of drug abuse and creating rehabilitation centres for drug addicts.Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The United States formulated this policy to control the production of prohibited drugs through the provision of monetary support to finance projects aimed at curbing this problem (United Nations 2012). This fight was started in 1914 after various drug abuse cases were reported. Even though, this policy took various faces it has since been adopted by many nations as a way of fight ing the effects and prevalence of drug abuse. It is necessary to note that the legalization of prohibited drugs will have various effects in the society. Even though, this will offer room for employment opportunities and development of more houses to act as stores dealing with drugs, the side effects will be more than the benefits accrued (Cave 2012). It is true that legalizing these drugs will reduce the number of unemployed youths and offer sources of income to many families. However, the negative effects of legalizing prohibited drugs will be beyond the society’s imaginations. Families will breakup as a result of abusing drugs at the expense of family responsibilities. Therefore, there will be separation and divorce cases. Children will suffer the consequences of being raised by single parents (Global Commission on Drug Policy 2011). Additionally, family conflicts will result in violence, injuries, death and destruction of family property like furniture and electronics. Th ere will be a high number of unemployed people in the society because most of them will be sacked due to engaging in drug abuse at the expense of work. This will contribute to a high number of social evils like prostitution and robbery because people will be idle and unable to raise money through legal means. Most countries’ economies will drop due to the reduced number of manpower required to participate in productive activities. There will be less productive people as many will be spending their time in drug dens (Global Commission on Drug Policy 2011). There will be an increase in the rate of sexually transmitted infections since people will engage in carless sexual activities. The effects of drug abuse include irrational thinking that will result in unprotected sexual activities among drug addicts. Sometimes this behaviour may extend to their families, friends and relatives leading to incest, defilement and rape. Although, alcohol affects people’s health, it is not prohibited since there are guidelines that regulate its production (Ogutu 2012). This involves the labelling of alcohol bottles and tins to show their alcohol concentration.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on War on Drugs and Its Effects specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Additionally, alcoholic products are brewed or distilled in a clean environment; therefore, this guarantees their users healthy products. The United Nations is against any attempts to legalize prohibited drugs. There are various seminars that continue to highlight the plight of drug users as attempts are being made to fight drug peddling. Conclusion The fight against prohibited drugs is not a complete failure since various nations and institutions are making considerable steps that will eradicate this menace. Various rehabilitation centres have been established and thus rehabilitated many drug addicts. However, people must volunteer and offer essen tial information to law enforcement agencies to help fight this problem. References Cave, D., (2012). Uruguay Considers Legalizing Marijuana to Stop Traffickers.   The New York Times.  Web. Global Commission on Drug Policy, (2011). War on Drugs. Report of the Global Commission on Drug Policy. Web. Mendoza, M., (2010). U. S. Drug Wars has Met None of Its Targets. U. S. Security News.  Web. Ogutu, J., (2012). Three Charged over Sh4m Drug Trafficking. The Standard Digital Media. Web. United Nations, (2012). Mexico General Debate, 67th Session. General Assembly.  Web.Advertising Looking for essay on criminal law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on War on Drugs and Its Effects was written and submitted by user Beau T. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

French Expressions With the Verb Rendre

French Expressions With the Verb Rendre The French verb rendre literally means to return and is also used in many idiomatic expressions. Learn how to give thanks, glorify, comply with orders, and more with this list of expressions with rendre. Possible meanings of rendre to give back, returnto administer (justice)to hand in (homework)to pay off (e.g., an experiment)to produce, make, yieldto repayto render (a thought, an expression)to surrenderto vomit Expressions with rendre rendre adjectiveto make (happy, scared, mad, etc.)rendre là ¢meto breathe ones lastrendre un culte to worshiprendre de la distance (running)to have a (distance) handicaprendre gloire to glorifyrendre gorgeto repay unfairly gotten gainsrendre grà ¢ces to give thanks torendre hommage to pay homage torendre honneur - rendre les derniers honneurs to pay tribute to - to pay the last tributes torendre du poids (horse-riding)to have a (weight) handicaprendre des pointsto give someone a head startrendre raison de quelque chose to give a reason for somethingrendre serviceto be a great help, to be handyrendre service quelquunto do someone a servicerendre le soupirto breathe ones last rendre visite quelquunto visit someonese rendre to go tose rendre lappel de quelquunto respond to someones appealse rendre lavis de quelquunto bow to someones advicese rendre compte deto realizese rendre levidenceto face factsse rendre aux ordresto comply with ordersse rendre aux prià ¨res de quelquun  Ã‚  to yield to someones pleasse rendre aux raisons de quelquunto bow to someones reasonsRendez-vous compte!Just imagine!Tu te rends compte?Can you imagine?

The aftermath of the global financial crisis 2007-2008 Essay

The aftermath of the global financial crisis 2007-2008 - Essay Example Aftermath of 2008 financial crisis In a nutshell, the financial crisis has been the reflection of the imbalance between the growth of real markets and financial sectors. Some major US banks made easy availability of housing loans to its customers, which in turn had led to unprecedented debt-levels, as accounted to be three times the GDP in the US and Europe. Many of the banks’ customers defaulted in repayments of these loans and this bubble burst added liquidity and caused bankruptcy and closing down of these banks. The total economic impacts of this crisis has been accounted as one third of the total values of all companies worldwide. More significantly and obviously, millions of employees lost their jobs and many of them were pushed to poverty. When the recent financial turmoil has hit several economies worldwide, it was observed that due to the crisis, assets prices have been inflated, currents accounts reported larger deficits and slowed-down economic growth of most nation s. Though these were quite commonly reported and widely discussed impacts of the crisis, changes in equity prices, employment and output were more dangerous impacts being studied and reviewed by some literatures. Reinhart and Rogoff (2009, p. 466) found that financial crisis in rich countries and emerging markets like Brazil, Russia, India and China have caused tremendous changes in economic variables in common. Broadly speaking, there have been major changing-patterns in housing and equity prices, unemployment rate, government revenues and debt. They detailed that major three impacts of the global credit crisis were a) collapse in assets market, b) profound declines in output and increase in unemployment and c) government’s debt explosions. The financial crisis has caused accumulation of stock of wealth with greater risks and losses in stock markets in almost all developed and emerging economies. The losses in stock market have been accounted as between 30 and 70 percent in 2008. The value of fund-assets have been declined by 25 or more percent by 2008 September and 2009 April. A number of companies found that their capitalization as already wiped out and as a result many of such companies became bankrupt. One very significant sign of this crisis has been falling housing prices in all those crisis-hit countries (Germain 2009, p. 672). Another major consequence of the recent financial crisis was decline in real per capita GDP. During the crisis, the decline in real GDP was smaller for advanced nations as compared with those of emerging countries. The financial crisis has been contaminating smooth functioning of the economy as it has generated a decline in the GDP during 2008 and 2009. According to IMF’s findings, the global activity would be contracted by 1.4 percent in 2009. GDP in real terms would be declining by 2.6% in the US, 4.8 % in the Euro-zone, 6.2 % in Germany and 4.2% in Spain (Pike and Tomaney 2010, p. 507). The 2008 financial crisis has increased the rate of unemployment worldwide. As a result, absolute poverty was more likely to rise in many countries. income disparities were found in most regions of the world due to severe financial crisis. It was projected that global unemployment would be increased by

Relationship Between ANA Test Titers Autoimmune Disease Research Paper - 9

Relationship Between ANA Test Titers Autoimmune Disease - Research Paper Example Among the patients ‘data we collected, 13 (29.5%) patients had 40 ANA test titers, 4 (9.1%) had 80 titers, 4 (9.1%) had 160 titers, 10 (22.7%) had 320 titers, 4 (9.1%) had 640 titers, 6 (13.6%) had 1280 titers, and 3 (6.8%) had 1320 titers. This is well illustrated by both table 1 below and graph 1. During the sample, analysis three groups of diagnosis of autoimmune disease were detected. Group 1 had 13 (29.5%) patients, group 2 had 19 (43.2%) patients, and group 3 had 12 (27.3%). Table 2 and figure 2 better illustrate this Among the 13 patients who were found to fall in the category of 40 titers ANA test SLE, 2 were found to fall in group 1, 6 were found to fall in group 2, and 5 were found to fall in group 3. Among the 4 patients who were found to fall in the category of 80 titers ANA test SLE, 2 were found to fall in group 1, 1 one was found to fall in group 2, and another 1 was found to fall in group 3. Among the four in the category of 160 titers ANA test SLE, 2 were found to fall in group 1, 1 in group 2, and another 1 in group 3. Among the 10 in the category of 320 titers, ANA test SLE, 3 were found to fall in group 1, 4 in group 2, and 3 in group 3. Among the 4 in the category of 640 titers ANA test SLE, 1 was found to fall in group one while the other 3 were found to fall in group 2. Among the six in the category of 1280 titers ANA test SLE, 2 were found to fall in group 1, 2 in group 2, and 2 in group 3. Among the three in the category of 1320 titers ANA test SLE, 1 was found to fall in group 1, and the other 2 in group 2. Table 3, figure 3, and figure 4 had better illustrate this. In this project, we test the null hypothesis that the ANA and diagnosis are associated. According to Hirschfield & Heathcote (2011), the ANA test is the main testing tool used for the diagnosis of autoimmune rheumatic conditions. This test makes use of antinuclear antibodies in the diagnosing of these conditions.

Social venture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social venture - Essay Example Through the efforts of volunteers, the food collected are â€Å"sort, repack and shelve almost 400 tons of food at our warehouse every week, doing the work of what would be about 50 full-time employees† San Francisco Food Bank (2011). This makes the organisation boast of close to two million pounds of food in their warehouse. These pounds of food are given back to society by delivering them to over four hundred local non-profit making organisations who for various reasons may be in need of the food. Social Problems and Challenges addressed by San Francisco Food Bank As its name suggest, the social problem addressed by San Francisco Food Bank is hunger reduction and provision of food to feed the masses. This social problem addressed by the organisation cannot be described with any other words better than saying it is a course in the right direction. The decision to tackle food related problem is particularly important noting the fact that scholars shuch as Abraham Maslow recogn ises food as the number one need of humanity. This way, it is true to conclude that San Francisco Food Bank tackles the most important social problem of humanity. The basis on which the organisation operates in this venture of social problem is seen in its mission statement, which is stated as â€Å"We provide food to over 24,000 households in San Francisco and Marin counties each week. We will distribute 41.5 million pounds of food to the community this year, enough to feed 88,000 meals every day† (Charity Navigator, 2011). Clearly, the figure of 88,000 meals everyday is awesome and needful. Inversely, the city of San Francisco would have 88,000 meals missed every day and some 24,000 households would have suffered empty stomach but for San Francisco Food Bank. Strategies used in addressing social problems The major strategy used by San Francisco Food Bank in the jurisdiction of its social mission is volunteerism and fundraising. According to the organisation, they â€Å"rel y on volunteers like you to help sort, package and distribute healthy food to people in need in San Francisco† (San Francisco Food Bank (2011). Volunteerism is also seen in the acquisition of the food in the organisation’s ‘food bank’. This way, the company acknowledges the fact that â€Å"this can include test-marketed products, items close to code date, produce that is the wrong shape or size for conventional markets and excess. Food drives are an important source of variety.† Day in an out, the organisation through mass media advertisement and publicity programs solicit for the inclusion of the ordinary San Franciscan in its volunteer activities. The organisation also organises fundraising events that aims at soliciting for physical cash for the running of the organisation. Scrutiny of San Francisco Food Bank’s Strategies in addressing Social Problems – including Projected Social Impact The major strength of San Francisco Food Bankâ €™s strategy for addressing its social interventions is that the work output of the company is extremely large to be undertaken by regularly and fully employed workers, especially as the organisation is only a non-profit making venture. Volunteerism is chosen by the organisation purposely because the work load on the organisation is extremely tedious and vast. Needing to feed over 24,000 households with 41.5 million poun

Testing of Pharmaceutical Tablet Strip

Testing of Pharmaceutical Tablet Strip CAREER EPISODE 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION I completed my Bachelors degree in electronics and communication engineering in the year 2011. I pursed my engineering from Vyas Institute of Engineering and Technology, Jodhpur, India. During my final semester of engineering I had to make a working model in the field of electronics. I came up with a project called Testing of Pharmaceutical Tablet strip. The project was performed in group of three. It was completed under the direction and support of Er. Yogesh Chaudhary. In my first career episode, I have described the work done by me in this project in detail. 1.2 BACKGROUND Requirement of medicines and its production is increasing rapidly. There are possible occurrences of breakage, cracks in the capsule or table while its production. And when these damaged tablets are consumed, it may cause irritation or side effects to other body parts. To inspect the production, it becomes very tough manually but the same task can be achieved with the help of image processing through automation of visual inspection. My project deals with the identification of the damaged products after its manufacturing. It involves series of task like segmentation, image processing, filtration, subtraction, pixel-calculation, de-noising, thresholding, and region based statics to identify the damaged and broken tablets. 1.3 The basic moto behind my project is to identify and filter out the damaged and defective capsule strips. Missing tablet, color, or shape/size difference between a set of tablets, or any crack or breakage in the tablets will be identified and marked as defect through my project. The idea was to reduce the manual work for identification of the damaged tablets as the job can be tedious. And to introduce a new procedure that would contribute in digital technology and for the welfare of the society. Identification of defective tablets is done with the help of image processing that uses various techniques of algorithm for processing all the digital images. 1.4 Image processing works on the technique that uses features like extraction, pattern recognition, edge detection and template matching. This process manipulates the data faster to achieve the desired result. For quality assurance of the products that are being manufactured majorly require automation of visual inspection. In this technique, a morphological operation such as opening operation is used for finding defects. The image is made fit for the further processing by performing image segmentation on the input image and then it is filtered to remove any noise. By inscribing rectangles subtraction is performed on the image with the help of morphological operations and it is also subtracted from original gray image which shows the broken tablets. For calculating the exact location of the broken tablet, pseudo coloring method is used and the pixel of the broken capsule is calculated. Correct size or color and any cracks are detected by performing corner detection and Harris algorithm technique on the tablets. Which is then followed by some pre-processing. After detecting the corners, they are compared with the template image and if there is any mismatch in the feature with the original template and the test image, the tablet gets rejected otherwise it is accept and given for use. 1.5 Me being the team leader, had to work out the flow and plan on how to proceed with the implementation process. I divided the project into small tasks and gave priority to each of them. Then they were assigned the duration in which that task had to be completed. My major task was designing the circuit diagram and block diagram on which the components could be decided. And the other crucial task was software coding. Regular meetings were kept with my team mates and the project guide to get any suggestions for any improvement in the project. Meetings were either through email or small presentations had to be made. 1.6 PERSONAL ENGINEERING ACTIVITY I started off with surveying the market so that the project I make would be useful. I read papers and articles relating the new upcoming technology and tried to do research on image processing methods and its technical specifications. This helped me to learn and build new technical skills. By applying my engineering knowledge and through technical reading I plotted a block diagram and decided upon the main hardware components that could be used for this project. It involved: Electrical components like Power supply of 230V, contractor 220-240V 1.47A, conveyor belt, step down transformer and DC motor. Electronics components such as a microcontroller, LCD, Regulator IC, relay. And a basic camera of 1.3MP/VGA With the help of the hardware components and block diagram I used a PCB designing tool for designing and structuring my circuit diagram. 1.7 After deciding and finalizing of the components, I wrote down the procedure in which the tracking of the missing tablet or damaged table would be done. The camera was used basically to get the complete image of the production. After getting the image, it is converted to monochrome image from RGB one. This results in the display of the tablet strips in black and white form, where the strips will be seen in grey color and the tablets would be in black. A predefined number is assigned and kept for the tablets in a strip to keep the track of it. If the tablets are found to be lower than the defined number after image processing takes place, the microcontroller will signal the second motor to discard the strip detected. This was the logical that was used for finding the tablet strip with missing tablet. 1.8 In the similar fashion a procedure was implied for detecting and finding cracks in the tablets. For that, firstly all other components are removed from the image and only the tablet is seen. This is done through filtration technique of image processing.   After this the image is converted to black and white from the original RGB image.   Because of such design and method, only cracks could be seen in the image if there are any. They would differ in color from the black tablet. They would appear to be white thin or thick lines. So, by applying such functioning technique, the presence of any crack in the tablet could be traced. 1.9 The working of my model is very simple. Above two logics are converted into a programming code through two software Bascom AVR and MATLAB 2013, and then the code is installed in the microcontroller ATmega16. Working with MATLAB software was not difficult and coding was not an issue because of having a subject of image processing in my curriculum. When the system is powered on with the help of power supply section, the conveyor belt starts to move. When the camera lens attached to the system senses the tablet strip that is passed through the conveyor belt, it would signal the microcontroller to stop the belt that runs with the help of motor 1. This is done for analyzing the tablet strip. ADC is used for converting the analog power signal from sensors to digital form for signaling the microcontroller. The image taken of the tablet strip is scanned and analyzed according[S1] to the functions as designed in MATLAB code. It will check for any defects or cracks or any missing tablet from the strip with the help of the image that was taken through camera. Based on the quality check performed using image enhancement and by carrying out morphological operations in MATLAB, it would signal the microcontroller to start the conveyor belt if no defect is found and in situations of faulty tablet motor 2 is signal to run a rejecting mechanism. A LCD is connected to get the count of number of strips checked, rejected or for the ones that are found defective. USART is used for communicating with the PC through microcontroller and vice-versa. 1.10 In the end, I could complete the project on time. The most difficult part of my project was to design and propose the circuit diagram. As working with PCB designing software was completely new for me. It took several trials before coming on the final figure. And implementation of the hardware was tough. Few minor mistakes created led into a big problem in my end mistake. I de-soldered the wrongly connected component part and connected it in the proper way to get the desired output and the circuit running. At the last stage, a test run was performed before submitted to check the working of each component and to see that the expected output is achieved. Working in teams was a challenging task as coming on one mutually agreed statement and solution is quite difficult. Though I managed my team well and never made any unfair decisions. 1.11 SUMMARY Thus, for companies manufacturing number of tablets in a day, inspecting the final product manually can be tiresome and a tedious job. The company need the help of automated systems. So, my project is an economical and efficient way to solve this problem. They only problem with this system is that it cannot be used for transparent tablet strips and is made to use for single colored tablets. This problem can be solved by performing further expansion on my project. By performing this project, I learnt a way in which the image processing technique is applied. It was a great learning experience. I could use my engineering knowledge and use it to apply theoretical knowledge into practical grounds. While conducting surveys, I could understand the market position and market value of new technologies. It gave me a good exposure. [S1]

Market Research CCResort Essay

Market Research CCResort May 14, 2013 Kelvin Ting (z3438739) Table of Contents I. Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2 II. Introdution †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 III. Methodology †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 IV. Key Performance Indicator †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 V. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 Executive Summary ï€   The customers with 2 or 4 family members, 69% of the customers have an income greater than $100,000 and the customers from 40 years old to 54 years old ( middle age) are more attracted by CCResorts Forster. The total expenditure for all the customers is $234772, the average is $1173.86. CCResorts succeed to achieve their first Key Performance Indicator: More than 40% of customers stay for a full week but fail to achieve the second Key Performance  Indicator : the average customer spends less than $255 per day in excess of accommodation costs. . Introduction The aim of this report is to analyze the data has been collected from customers in order to investigate what type of customer has been attracted to CCResort , how much they spending at the resort over and above their accommodation costs. In addition the question of whether CCResort being successful in meeting their key performance indicators (KPI’s) stated as the business plan: 1. 2. More than 40% of their customers stay for a full week(i.e. seven night); The average customers stay spends more than $255 per day in excess of accommodation costs. 200 customers sample were collected randomly and they refer to a separating booking at CCResort over the last 12 months. Each example included 6 variables: ï‚ · Number of people in the booking party ï‚ · Length of stay (represented by the number of night) ï‚ · Age in years of person making the booking ï‚ · Total amount in dollars spent per booking over and above accommodation costs ï‚ · Income MARKET RESEARCH CCRESORT – MAY 14, 2013 2 No. of customer Methodology and result 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Frequency 0 zÃŽ ± The value of test statistic is z = 3.175 > zÃŽ ±, Thus we do reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is enough evidence to infer that at more than 40% of bookings in CPResorts would be staying for full week. The average customers stay spends more than $255 per day in excess of accommodation costs. To test if the average customer spends more than $260 per day. We performance a hypothesis test again. Null hypothesis, H0: p= 255 Alternative Hypothesis, H1: p=: ÃŽ ¼>255 The test statistic is = 242 − 260 49.2/ 200 =-5.714 Let the significant level be 5%, namely, ÃŽ ±=0.05, thus Z0.05 =1.645, the rejection region isz > zÃŽ ± The rejection region should be Z> Z0.05 =1.645 We reject H0 if Z>1.645 Z =-5.174 So, there is not enough statistical evidence to infer that the alternative hypothesis is true which the average customer is spend more $255 per day in excess of accommodation costs. MARKET RESEARCH CCRESORT – MAY 14, 2013 6 Conclusion With the help of statistical data provided, the greater $100,000 income group could be identified as the prospective customers of CCResorts. Both average daily spending level and length of stay of this group are predicted to be greater than the below $60,000 income group. In addition, the analysis has also raised some concerns about CCResorts business performance in the first year of operation. Although there is  enough evidence to infer that more than 40% are full week customers, the expenditure analysis has indicated that their spending level could fall below $255 per day, with sufficient evidence to support. The analysis has provided two important implications. First, with at more than 40% are full week customers, this indicates that type and quality of service offered by CCResorts have met customer expectations. This also means that the marketing department has successfully identified customer needs to deliver the right services and add value to its customers. Second, these results also suggest that pricing issue could cause the failure to meet revenue expectation. As income alone cannot fully explain the variation in spending behavior, high price of services could cause customers to decrease their spending level. MARKET RESEARCH CCRESORT – MAY 14, 2013

Education Sector Essay

In a globalized economy with a high degree of competition among countries, the success of a nation depends on the educational level of its workforce. Technology has rapidly transformed education by extending learning space beyond the four wall of a classroom. Even though school plays the main role of education, technology offers verities of opportunities to learn more. Such as, Distance learning, online learning communities and access to vast resources and databases, etc. with the help of Information and communications technology (ICT), it allows to improve quality of teaching and learning worldwide. (Bokova, 2013) There are both positive and negative impacts due to technological advancement in education sector. Affordability: Even though developed counties are able to afford this, most of the developing countries struggle to equip the basic ICT devices. However there are things which they can afford, such as mobile phone, it would help to connect teachers, students, parents and administrators. Capacities: National policy-makers sometimes may lack to formulate ICT in educational policies. In some developing counties teaching institutes frequently lack to trainer the teachers with ICT education practices. Which would lead to less ICT education in school levels. Inclusion: People who live in rural area, disabled people typically receives low quality educations, even though they have special educational needs. Introduction of ICT would favour inclusive education and reduce inequalities. Content: there are more teaching modules available by the help of ICT. Open Educational Resources (OERs) hold significant potential to accelerate free access to knowledge and facilitae the adaptation of content to local needs and languages. Quality Assurance: ICT can help the education system to be much easier, but some developing countries still haven’t been duly reformed to embrace these new learning outcomes. And issues such as quality of ICT-based learning and safety of children online needs to be addressed. (Bokova, 2013).

Future of Business under Bush essays

Future of Business under Bush essays President George W. Bush has announced a 6-point agenda for stimulating the US economy that he plans to implement, if re-elected. The plan would help businesses as follows: The cornerstone of President Bush's economic plan is his proposal for eliminating double taxation on corporate dividends carrying a price tage of $ 370 billion over the next 10 years. At present, the IRS taxes a company's profits and then taxes investors who receive the profits as dividends as well. The measure is likely to benefit entrepreneurs and businesses that pay dividend income, and seeks to strengthen businesses in the long-term that choose to distribute capital to their investors by means of dividends. (Jones, 2003) Current tax laws permit small businesses to write off up to $25,000 worth of equipment purchases as expenses. The President's plan would increase that limit to $75,000 and index it to inflation - encouraging small businesses to buy technology, machinery, and other equipment needed for Small businesses would be allowed to join together to purchase health coverage for workers at lower rates, resulting in lower health care costs. Measures are planned to reduce mass tort lawsuits against businesses and health care workers and insurance companies that drive up costs of doing business. ("President Bush's Six-point Plan, 2003") Another Bush proposal relating to businesses is a comprehensive national energy plan focusing on upgrading the nation's electrical grid, promoting energy efficiency, and increasing domestic energy production. (Ibid.) ...

Holy Allusions in essays

Holy Allusions in essays Throughout the story Billy Budd, the author Herman Mellville creates numerous biblical allegories with the events and characters that he devises. Billy Budd, a pure and innocent young man, is impressed by the Bellipotent. On the ship he is adored by all of his crewmates except the ships jealous master-at-arms John Claggart. Claggarts dislike for Billy grows into an intense hatred. During a confrontation between the two, Billys stuttering problem takes over and he thrashes out physically. Billy accidentally kills Claggart and is sentenced to death. The life and death of Billy can be compared to the biblical figures of Jesus Christ and Adam. The story of Ananias from the Bible is also referenced by the jealousy of Claggart and his deceitful plan to destroy him. Captain Vere, like Pontius Pilate when he judges Jesus, knows Billy to be innocent but feels he must follow the law and put Billy to death. These biblical allusions as well as many others add depth to the story and emphas ize the struggle between good and evil. A significant comparison in the novel is the portrayal of Billy as Adam before the fall. Much like Adam, Billy is oblivious to the surrounding evils until he encounters the serpent, Claggart. Billy was like a young horse fresh from the pasture suddenly inhaling a vile whiff from some chemical factory, and by repeated snorting trying to get it out of his nostrils and lungs (Melville 36). As for the evil temptation in the story of Adam, there are several comparisons between Claggart and the snake. When he approaches Billy, accusing him of planning mutiny, his eyes are compared to a serpents: The first mesmeric glance was that of serpent fascination (Melville 49). Another comparison is made when Claggarts body is being thrown into the sea. The surgeon says, It was like handling a dead snake (Melville 50). Billys downfall i...

Circuit Soldering Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Circuit Soldering Assignment - Essay Example It normally commences melting at 183 degree centigrade. Plastic solder differs subject to the proportion of tin and lead. Exhaust fan aids in preventing an individual from inhaling the solder fumes in the soldering station. Safety goggles prevents flying solders from entering the eyes of the person undertaking soldering process whilst clips aids in holding the work piece being join (Jepson, Tyler & Gregory, pp. 178-198). Moistening action is the flush action of solder, which normally develops intermetallic connection amidst the sections. It occurs when hot solder encounters with the copper surface forming a metal solvent action thereby making the solder to dissolves and infiltrates the prevailing copper surface. This makes the molecules of solder and copper to blend thus forming a new alloy with one part copper and the other solder (Jepson, Tyler & Gregory, pp. 167-189). The process solely occurs when the superficial of copper does not have impurity and corresponding oxide film. Suitable solder links is accomplished with cleaned surfaces with solvents before soldering process. Fluxes are utilized in overcoming oxide film on electronic and it mainly entail normal or synthetic rosins and chemical additives. A flux removes oxide during the soldering operation via flux action, which is extremely corrosive at the solder melt temperatures (Jepson, Tyler & Gregory, pp. 167-189). Melt temperature is normally responsible for the flux’s capability to rapidly removal of oxides. Nevertheless, in its underlying unheated state, rosin flux is normally in the non-corrosive and non-conductive thus does not affect circuitry. Moreover, fluxing action aids in removal of oxide, prevention of reformation of the new oxides thus allowing the solder to form the preferred intermetallic

Human Resource Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Human Resource Management - Coursework Example In this method the employers base the wage rate on the job irrespective of the person who is doing it. The HR professionals and employers are now moving towards Competency based pay. According to this approach the employers determine the pay scale or salary range of the employee depending on his depth, types of skills and knowledge. An employee may receive a higher salary than his range if his competency level is equitable for a higher level job. Competency is the demonstrated skill, knowledge and behavior of a person that ensures and enables desired performance. There are three basic differences between the two approaches of pay scale. In the competency based approach the salary is more person oriented. The salary is based on the skills, knowledge and depth of the employee. Here a person gets paid for the knowledge and skills of the things he has the potential to do even if he is not doing it right now. Whereas in traditional method pay is job oriented irrespective of the skills and abilities of the person who is doing it. It ties the pay scale with the worth of the job. In competency based approach an employee builds competency through experience on the same or similar jobs. Whereas in job based pay the aim of the employee is not build competency (knowledge and skills) but the determinants are experience and tenure. ... sler et al, 2009) Reduction of Unsafe Acts through Selection, Placement and Employee Participation It has been a well accepted fact that some employees are more prone to accidents than others. Reasons for such irresponsible behavior are not easy to find and hence organizations concentrate on reducing these incidents as much as possible through a variety of strategies. These strategies for minimizing accidents and unsafe behavior can be divided into four categories namely personnel selection, employee training and participation, incentive programs and safety rules and regulations. Many environmental factors also play an important role in scientific strategy of reducing accidents, such as overcrowded workplaces, faulty or wrong arrangement of the material to be used in industrial process and many other placements. With the help of work and safety engineers these problems of placements can be resolved. These engineers not only take care of placement issues but also of any potential situ ation in the environment that can cause distress and discomfort among employees. They help in providing congenial, safe and stress free working condition conditions. Personal factors also play an important role. Some employees are more prone to accidents than others. These personal factors can be detected or identified through an appropriate and well designed selection process. Through a variety of psychological test an applicant’s motor and sensory abilities can be judged along with the muscular speed and perceptual style. It will help finding the right match of these qualities required for the job in the person. During the selection process an insight about a potential employee’s work habits, any organic diseases, fatigue level, drug addiction, age and experience, can be gained to

The rise and fall of Nazi Germany Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The rise and fall of Nazi Germany - Term Paper Example Before investigating how Nazis rose to power in Germany, it is important to understand the person who was instrumental in the rise of the Nazi and the Third Reich to power in Germany. In this regard, Adolf Hitler remains the most important person in the history of Germany since he defined the history of the country and that of the world. Born Adolphus Hitler â€Å"on April 20, 1889, in the small Austrian town of Braunau located at the border between Austria and Germany,† Hitler was the fourth child of his parents and the first child to live beyond two years (Giblin 4). Importantly, no one expected such an unlikely figure would become the successor to President Hindenburg since his parents were peasants although they lived a middle-class life. Nonetheless, Hitler’s upbringing and place of birth were instrumental in his quest of having Germany and Austria, two German-speaking nations, become one republic and joining each other in a single Reich. At the age of thirty-five years, Hitler sat in a German prison and dictated the book that became the blueprint for the Third Reich and his rise to power in Germany. Titled the Mein Kampf, the book starts with an outline of the important role that his birthplace of Braunau played in shaping his philosophy about uniting the two nations into a single Reich. In this case, the book starts with his narration of the important factor played by Hitler’s place of birth with Hitler noting that: Today it seems to me providential that fate should have chosen Braunau am Inn as my birthplace.... In this case, the book starts with his narration of the important factor played by Hitler’s place of birth with Hitler noting that: Today it seems to me providential that fate should have chosen Braunau am Inn as my birthplace. For this little town lies on the boundary between two German states which we of the younger generation at least have made it our life-work to reunite by every means at our disposal. . . This little city on the border seems to me the symbol of a great mission. (qtd. in Shirer 6). In effect, the introduction to Hitler’s blueprint outlined his desire to see Austria and German become one Reich. In effect, this contributed to his desire to join the army and fight the coalition of the British, Russians, and the French in the First World War. After Hitler’s discharge from military service on March 20, 1920, he left the military at a time when his star in German politics was on the rise. Hitler knew how to give moving speeches and he used this abi lity to his advantage in order to gain followers. In the same year, Hitler joined the German Workers’ Party and changed the name of the party the same year in order to have the party sound more impressive than it sounded. In effect, the party became the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP), which people just shortened to the Nazi Party with the party starting its way to prominence in German politics (Giblin 29). Through moving and passionate speeches, Hitler managed to grow the membership of the Nazi Party to more than 3,000 members by the January 1921 (Giblin 30). In line with this, Hitler was able to make the people realize the importance of ensuring that Germany’s leadership was strong and did

Computer-assisted translation Essay Example for Free

Computer-assisted translation Essay A literal translation is a translation that follows closely the form of the source language. Also known as: | word-for-word translation| Literal translation, or directed translation, is the rendering of text from one language to another word-for-word (Latin: verbum pro verbo) rather than conveying the sense of the original. (This distinction is valid only when a literal translation does not accurately convey the sense, which is not invariably true.) Literal translation, or directed translation, is the rendering of text from one language to another word-for-word (Latin: verbum pro verbo) rather than conveying the sense of the original. (This distinction is valid only when a literal translation does not accurately convey the sense, which is not invariably true. ) In translation studies, literal translation denotes technical translation of scientific, technical, technological or legal texts. [1] In translation theory, another term for literal translation is metaphrase; and for phrasal (sense) translation — paraphrase. When considered a bad practice of conveying word by word (lexeme to lexeme, or morpheme to lexeme) translation of non-technical type literal translations has the meaning of mistranslating idioms,[2] for example, or in the context of translating an analytic language to a synthetic language, it renders even the grammar unintelligible. Term in translation studies Usage The term literal translation often appeared in the titles of 19th-century English translations of classical, Bible and other texts. Cribs Literal translations (cribs, ponies, or trots) are sometimes prepared for a writer who is translating a work written in a language he does not know. For example, Robert Pinsky is reported to have used a literal translation in preparing his translation of Dantes Inferno (1994), as he does not know Italian. [citation needed] Similarly, Richard Pevear worked from literal translations provided by his wife, Larissa Volokhonsky, in their translations of several Russian novels. [citation needed]. Poetry to prose Literal translation can also denote a translation that represents the precise meaning of the original text but does not attempt to convey its style, beauty, or poetry. There is, however, a great deal of difference between a literal translation of a poetic work and a prose translation. A literal translation of poetry may be in prose rather than verse, but also be error free. Charles Singletons translation of The Divine Comedy (1975) is regarded as a prose translation. As a bad practice  Literal translation implies that it is probably full of errors, since the translator has made no effort to convey, for example, correct idioms or shades of meaning. Examples A literal English translation of the German word Kindergarten would be children garden, but in English the expression refers to the school year between pre-school and first grade. Literal translations in which individual components within words or compounds are translated to create new lexical items in the target language (a process also known as â€Å"loan translation†) are called calques, e.g. , â€Å"beer garden† from German â€Å"Biergarten. † Literal translation of the Italian sentence, So che questo non va bene (I know that this is not good), produces Know(I) that this not goes(it) well, which has English words and Italian grammar. Machine translation Early machine translations (as of 1962[3] at least) were notorious for this type of translation as they simply employed a database of words and their translations. Later attempts utilized common phrases which resulted in better grammatical structure and capture of idioms but with many words left in the original language. For translating synthetic languages, a morphosyntactic analyzer and synthesizer is required. The best systems today use a combination of the above technologies and apply algorithms to correct the natural sound of the translation. In the end though, professional translation firms that employ machine translation use it as a tool to create a rough translation that is then tweaked by a human, professional  translator. Pidgins Often, first-generation immigrants create something of a literal translation in how they speak their parents native language. This results in a mix of the two languages in something of a pidgin. Many such mixes have specific names, e. g. Spanglish or Germish. For example, American children of German immigrants are heard using rockingstool from the German word Schaukelstuhl instead of rocking chair. Mistranslations Literal translation of idioms is a source of numerous translators jokes and apocrypha. The following famous example has often been told both in the context of newbie translators and that of machine translation: When the sentence The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak (Ð ´Ã'Æ'Ã'… Ð ±Ã ¾Ã ´Ã'€, Ð ¿Ã »Ã ¾Ã'‚Ã'Å' Ð ¶Ã µ Ð ½Ã µÃ ¼Ã ¾Ã'‰Ð ½Ã °, an allusion to Mark 14:38) was translated into Russian and then back to English, the result was The vodka is good, but the meat is rotten (Ã' Ã ¿Ã ¸Ã'€Ã'‚, Ð ºÃ ¾Ã ½Ã µÃ'‡Ð ½Ã ¾, Ð ³Ã ¾Ã'‚Ð ¾Ã ², Ð ½Ã ¾ Ð ¼Ã' Ã' Ã ¾ Ð ¿Ã'€Ð ¾Ã'‚Ã'Æ'Ã'…Ð »Ã ¾). This is generally believed to be simply an amusing story, and not a factual reference to an actual machine translation error. [4] Rating Scales for Narrative (open-ended or constructed) Questions Question: secretarial experience 76| Well QualifiedCandidate has extensive independent secretarial/clerical experience (may be more than approximately five years). Candidate has extensive experience dealing with a wide variety of complex issues relative to challenges encountered in the secretarial/clerical work environment. Candidate provides specific details with respect to the diversity of tasks/projects they were involved in, and his/her roles and responsibilities. Candidate’s response is thorough and complete and completely addresses the question. | 543| QualifiedCandidate has adequate independent secretarial/clerical experience (may be approximately three to four years). Candidate has experience dealing with a variety of complex issues relative to challenges encountered in the secretarial/clerical work environment; however, his/her experience is not as thorough as that of the well-qualified candidate. Candidate provides specific details in the same areas described for the well-qualified candidate. Candidate’s response is complete and addresses the question. | 21| Limited QualificationCandidate has limited independent secretarial/clerical experience (may be less than approximately three years). Candidate may have some experience, but that experience is limited or presented vaguely. Candidate may not provide specific details in response to the question. Candidate’s response may not be clear or complete. Candidate’s experience is limited and not at the level required for this position. | Question: social services experience. 76| Well QualifiedCandidate has extensive experience providing professional level social services (may be more than approximately four years). Candidate has experience dealing with a wide variety of issues relative to providing these services. Candidate provides specific details with respect to the services they have provided, the diversity of tasks/projects completed, and his/her role and responsibility. Candidate’s response is thorough and complete and addresses all of the above-outlined areas. | 543| QualifiedCandidate has adequate experience providing professional level social services (may be approximately three to four years). Candidate has experience dealing with a variety of issues relative to providing these services; however, his/her experience is not as thorough as that of the well-qualified candidate. Candidate provides specific details in the same areas described for the well-qualified candidate. Candidate’s response is complete and addresses all of these areas. | 21| Limited QualificationCandidate lacks adequate experience providing professional level social services (may be less than approximately three years), as required for this position. Candidate may have some experience, but that experience is limited or presented vaguely. Candidate may not provide specific details in response to the outlined areas of the question. Candidate’s response may not be clear or complete. Candidate’s experience is limited and not at the level required for this position. | Question: experience working with involuntarily committed individuals in a secured setting 76| Well QualifiedCandidate has extensive experience working with involuntarily committed individuals in a secured setting (may be approximately two years). Candidate has experience dealing with a variety of tasks in this setting, including basic cleaning and maintenance. Candidate provides specific details with respect to the duties performed, diversity of situations encountered, and his/her role in providing service. Candidate’s response is thorough and complete and addresses all of the above-outlined areas. | 543| QualifiedCandidate has adequate experience working with involuntarily committed individuals in a secured setting (may be approximately one year). Candidate has experience dealing with the most important tasks (e. g. , perimeter patrol); however, his/her experience is not as thorough as that of the well-qualified candidate. Candidate provides specific details in the same areas described for the well-qualified candidate. Candidate’s response is complete and adequately addresses the question. | 21| Limited QualificationCandidate lacks adequate experience working with involuntarily committed individuals in a secured setting (may be less than one year), as required for this position. Candidate may have some experience, but that experience is limited or presented vaguely. Candidate may not provide specific details in response to the scope of the question. Candidate’s response may not be clear or complete. Candidate’s experience is limited and not at the level required for this position. | Question: interview experience 76| Well QualifiedCandidate has extensive experience interviewing clients to gather information (may be more than approximately two years). Candidate has experience dealing with a wide variety of individuals in a range of situations and specifically identifies the communication medium (e. g. , telephone, in-person). Candidate provides specific details with respect to the duties performed, purpose of interview, diversity of situations encountered, and his/her role. Candidate’s response is thorough and complete and addresses all of the above-outlined areas. | 543| QualifiedCandidate has adequate experience interviewing clients to gather information (may be approximately one to two years). Candidate has experience dealing with a variety of issues relative to interviewing; however, his/her experience is not as thorough as that of the well-qualified candidate. Candidate provides specific details in the same areas described for the well-qualified candidate. Candidate’s response is complete and addresses all of these areas. | 21| Limited QualificationCandidate lacks  adequate experience conducting interviews with clients (may be less than approximately one year), as required for this position. Candidate may have some experience, but that experience is limited or presented vaguely. Candidate may not provide specific details in response to the scope of the question. Candidate’s response may not be clear or complete. Candidate’s experience is limited and not at the level required for this position. | Question: customer service experience 76| Well QualifiedCandidate has extensive customer service experience (may be more than approximately three years). Candidate has experience dealing with a wide variety of individuals in a range of situations (including communicating with difficult and/or hostile customers/clients). Candidate provides specific details with respect to the duties performed, purpose of customer service, diversity of situations encountered, and his/her role in providing service. Candidate’s response is thorough and complete and addresses all of the above-outlined areas. | 543| QualifiedCandidate has adequate customer service experience (may be approximately one to two years). Candidate has experience dealing with a variety of issues relative to providing customer service; however, his/her experience is not as thorough as that of the well-qualified candidate. Candidate provides specific details in the same areas described for the well-qualified candidate. Candidate’s response is complete and addresses all of these areas. | 21| Limited QualificationCandidate lacks adequate experience providing customer service (may be less than approximately one year), as required for this position. Candidate may have some experience, but that experience is limited or presented vaguely. Candidate may not provide specific details in response to the scope of the question. Candidate’s response may not be clear or complete. Candidate’s experience is limited and not at the level required for this position. | Semantic differential scale http://edutechwiki. unige. ch/en/Semantic_differential_scale#Examples Attitude scale for a web site (S. Kim MacGregor and Yiping Lou) * boring-interesting * meaningless-meaningful * important-unimportant, * informative-uninformative * disorganized-organized * easy-difficult Websites From UPAs web maintenance and design, retrieved April 11, 2011. The XXX association whose web site looks like this is: Unfriendly__1__2__3__4__5__6__7Friendly Amateurish__1__2__3__4__5__6__7Professional Ineffective__1__2__3__4__5__6__7Effective Dull__1__2__3__4__5__6__7Interesting Outdated__1__2__3__4__5__6__7Up-to-date Serious __1__2__3__4__5__6__7 Fun Weak__1__2__3__4__5__6__7Strong This visual design is: Cluttered__1__2__3__4__5__6__7Simple Unbalanced__1__2__3__4__5__6__7Balanced Unpleasant__1__2__3__4__5__6__7Pleasant Delicate__1__2__3__4__5__6__7Bold Confusing__1__2__3__4__5__6__7Clear Self report NURSING EXPERTISE SELF-REPORT SCALE Please circle the answer that best describes you. * 1. I am an: RN Other * 2. My job is: Staff nurse Assistant Nurse Manager Other * 3. Length of time since graduating as an RN: Under 6 months 6 * months to 3 years More than 3 years * 4. Length of time working on your unit:: Under 6 months 6 months to * 3 years More than 3 years * 5. Previous experience in nursing prior to graduating as an RN: Under * 6 months 6 months to 3 years More than 3 years The following is a list of statements about nursing care. Please circle the number that best represents your agreement with the statement. 1. Strongly Agree 2. Agree 3. Unsure 4. Disagree 5. Strongly Disagree * 1. I often know ahead of time that my patient will take a turn for the worse. 1 * 2. I frequently draw on past experiences when making patient care decisions. 2 * 3. Quality nursing care results from strictly adhering to policy and procedure. 5 * 4. When I do patient care, only a few pieces of information stand out as critically important. 2 * 5. I am consciously aware of the process of decision making in patient care. 1 * 6. Emotional attachments get in the way of good nursing care. 5 * 7. When something goes wrong with my patient, I seem to know automatically what to do. 2 * 8. Sometimes I find it difficult to identify objective reasons for certain patient care decisions. 2 * 9. The best way to give good nursing care is to get close to the patient. 2 * 10. I find it time consuming to set priorities in patient care. 5 * 11. I make my best decisions about patient care when I remain objective. 4 * 12. In an emergency, things happen so quickly that I don’t know what to do. 5 * 13. I base my patient care decisions more often on the rules that I learned in nursing school than on my experience in patient care. 5 * 14. It seems obvious to me what things need to be done first for my patients. 2 * 15. I use facts such as lab values and vital signs as my main source of information for making patient care decisions. 5 * 16. I usually require a lot of information about a patient care situation before I am comfortable with making a decision. 4 * 17. I do my best nursing care when I become truly involved with the patient. 1 * 18. I am comfortable with altering standard patient care procedures when I see the need. 3 * 19. Sudden patient care emergencies usually come as a complete surprise to me. 5 * 20. Most often I find myself relying on gut feelings when it comes to patient care. 5 Source: Reprinted with permission from G. Garland, Self-Report of Competence, Journal of Nursing Staff Development, Vol. 12, No. 4, p. 197, 1996, Lippincott-Raven. http://www. research-paper-example. com/nursing-self-report-scale. html http://upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Example_Likert_Scale. svg Administering the thurstone scale Here is the final form. The respondents check only the statements with which they agree. The average ratings by the judges are shown in parentheses. These would not be included on the actual form given to respondents. Note that the more positive statements have a higher weight. This is a scale to measure your attitude toward marijuana. It does not deal with any other drug, so please consider that the items pertain to marijuana exclusively. We want to know how students feel about this topic. In order to get honest answers, the questionnaires are to be filled out anonymously. Do not sign your name. Please check all those statements with which you agree. | ___| 1. | I dont approve of something that puts you out of a normal state of mind. (3.0) | ___| 2. | It has its place. (7. 1) | ___| 3. | It corrupts the individual (2. 2) | ___| 4. | Marijuana does some people a lot of good. (7. 9). | ___| 5. | Having never tried marijuana, I cant say what effects it would have. (6. 0) | ___| 6. | If marijuana is taken safely, its effect can be quite enjoyable. (8. 9) | ___| 7. | I think it is horrible and corrupting. (1. 6) | ___| 8. | It is usually the drug people start on before addiction. (4. 9) | ___| 9. | It is perfectly healthy and should be legalized. (10. 0) | ___| 10. | Its use by an individual could be the beginning of a sad situation. (4. 1) | http://psychology. ucdavis. edu/sommerb/sommerdemo/scaling/enrich/thurstone. html Iba ang Pinoy ni Princess O. Canlas Ang Pilipinas ay binubuo ng ibat ibang lalawigan, at bawat lalawigan ay may kanya-kanyang bernakular. Ngunit iba-iba man ang salita, iba-iba mang lugar ang kinalakihan, iisa lang ang ugat na pinagmulan. Tayo ay Pilipino. Mahirap malaman kung ang isang tao ay Pilipino nga o hindi sa kasalukuyang panahon. Sapagkat ang iba sa atin ay mas nananalantay ang dugong banyaga. At kung minsan pay mahirap ding alamin sa kanilang gamit na wika. May maitim at mayroon namang maputi. May matangos ang ilong at mayroon namang sarat. May matangkad at mayroon din namang pandak. Ngunit isang katangian ang nagbubuklod sa mga Pilipino upang silay makilala mo at masabing: IBA ANG PINOY! Ang pagkakawanggawa ay may taglay na ibat ibang katangian. Sapagkat ang taong mapagkawanggawa ay masasabi ring matulungin sa kapwa, magalang, mabait, mapagbigay, mapagpaumanhin, mapagtimpi, o mapang-unawa. At ang pagkakawanggawang ito ang makikita sa mga Pilipino. Isang katangiang higit sa kayamanan. Mapapansin hanggang sa kasalukuyan na ang Pinoy ay may kusang loob na pagtulong sa mga taong nasa kanyang paligid, kilala man niya ang mga ito o hindi. Sa lansangan, ang mga bata ay tinutulungang makatawid nang matiwasay. Ang matatanda ay inaalalayan sa kanilang paglalakad. Ang maraming dala-dalahan ay tinutulungan sa pagbibitbit. Ang mga hindi sinasadyang mahulog na bagay ay pinupulot upang iabot. Ang mga upuan sa pampublikong sasakyan ay ipinagkakaloob ng mga kalalakihan sa matatanda o sa kababaihan. Pagbibigay ng pagkain sa mga nagugutom. Pagbabahagi sa mga nangangailangan. Pagtanggap sa mga bisita nang may sigla, paghahain ng pagkain kahit kung minsan ay wala ng matira para sa kanila. At minsan namay pag-ako sa mga gawaing naiwan ng iba. At ang lahat ng mga ito ay ginawa ng kusang-loob at hindi napilitan lamang. Iyan ang Pinoy. Likas sa mga Pilipino ang pagkakawanggawa. At ang kalikasang ito ay dapat ingatan at pagyamanin pa. Nababatid ba natin na ang katangiang ito ay nakapagkukubli ng mga pagkukulang na ating nagawa sa mata ng Diyos? Sa iyong paggawa ng kabutihan, maaring may mga pagkakataon na ikay hindi napasalamatan o nginitian man lamang ng iyong tinulungan. At ang iyong ginawa akala moy walang saysay o walang kabuluhan. Ngunit may Isang higit sa lahat ay nakakaalam. At Siya ang tanging makapagsusukli sa iyong kabutihan. Ang paggawa ng kabutihan sa kapwa ay may katumbas na gantimpala sa Panginoon. Ngunit hindi man natin makamit ang biyayang iyon dito sa lupa, makasisiguro tayong sa langit ay ipagkakaloob ng Diyos ang gantimpala. Tayoy mga Pilipino, at nananalantay rin sa ating ugat ang dugong Kristiyano. Ang pagkakawanggawa ay patuloy nating ihandog o ibahagi sa ating kapwa. At hayaang ang ibang bansa ang magsabing, Pinoy ay dakila!

The Rate of Hydrolysis of Sucrose Essay -- Biology Science Experiments

The Rate of Hydrolysis of Sucrose Hypothesis - The digestion of sucrose into glucose and fructose is carried out by the presence of the enzyme Sucrase. The activity of the enzyme will be greatest at its optimum temperature since at this temperature the enzyme's tertiary structure will be correct to allow the formation of the substrate-enzyme complex quickly and efficiently. This should be at 37Â °C (body temperature), which is the temperature of the ileum where Sucrase is secreted and naturally functions. The first thing to say about enzymes is that they are proteins and they are found in all types of organisms from humans to viruses. They function in the body as catalysts. In other words they speed up the rate of chemical reactions in the body. Enzymes actually accelerate chemical reactions by a factor of about 1 million. Enzymes are organic catalysts. Without enzymes the metabolism of an organism would be too slow for the organism to survive. The word enzyme actually means "in yeast" as they were first discovered in these micro-organisms. Enzymes are found inside cells (intracellular) and outside cells (extra cellular). Intracellular enzymes are for example, those that control metabolism while extra cellular enzymes are for example, gut digestive juices and the enzymes secreted by bacteria, which digest their food outside the body then reabsorb the products. Enzymes work on particular organic chemicals, these are called substrates. So in effect food is the substrate of digestive enzymes. Each enzyme is specific to one or a group of particular substrates. The majority of the reactions that occur in living organisms are enzyme-controlled. Without enzymes toxins would soon build up and the supply of respiratory substrate would decrease. Enzymes are proteins and thus have a specific shape. They are therefore specific in the reactions that they catalyse - one enzyme will react with molecules of one substrate. The site of the reaction occurs in an area on the surface of the protein called the active site. Since the active site for all molecules of one enzyme will be made up of the same arrangement of amino acids, it has a highly specific shape. Generally, there is only one active site on each enzyme molecule and only one type of substrate molecule will fit into it. Lock and key hypothesis description of the specificity of t... ... well as this the final colour was defined. Results : my results from then on were much more reliable and the average was easier to plot on a graph drawing my expected curve. The first colour change was a loss of the base pink colour and the final colour change is a measurable blue. Throughout all these preliminary experiments and the final one all laboratory safety precautions will be observed. To check the reliability of my results I will take a mean average of all 3 experiments I finally did. Using the mean of all the experiments I then will work out the standard deviation of the primary colour change and the final colour change. On the graphs the X axis is numbered 1-6, this corresponds to the Sucrase Concentration 0.0%-2.5%. Below is the preliminary experiment graph for primary colour change at 0-5% solution. The line slopes down as the reaction time decreases in relation to the concentration. This was the graph of the preliminary experiment after making the changes due to evidence from preliminary experiment 1 and 2. Prediction: I predict that the higher the concentration the faster the reaction due to induced fit and lock and key hypothesis.