Wednesday, January 29, 2020
The Yellow Wallpaper Essay Essay Example for Free
The Yellow Wallpaper Essay Essay â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†is a chilling tale of a woman forced to insanity, yet her mental state is a double edged sword. What brings her down is, in the end, her savior. The doctors in the narrator’s life give her the worst advice possible for the outcome they desire. She is forced to do nothing, and instead of pulling her back to normality, the dreariness pushes her further and further away. Left with nothing to occupy her mind, her mind occupies itself. In the beginning of the story, the woman is quite lucid in the usual sense. Due to a lack of understanding of depression, she is forced to hide the things she loves. She focuses her attention on all she has left, her mental state. However, since she is told that there is nothing wrong she does not analyze it directly, but instead watches her life play out in the metaphor created by the horrid yellow wallpaper. As the story progresses, you watch as the lady loses her touch with reality, focusing more and more on the yellow wallpaper. She pays attention every inch of it, noticing the ever watching eyes and the twists that keep what she believes to be a creeping woman trapped behind. She stops complaining of boredom, and instead analyses the paper most intently. I believe when the narrator begins to see the creeping, humiliated woman outside is the beginning of her liberation. It shows that the woman is free, at least part of the time. This is also around the time when the narrator noti ces the streak running around the room. While this could of been there before, one would think she would of noticed it previously. This indicates she created it herself, in her moments of freedom. During this part of the story she was only liberated part of the time though, as John was still there to watch her at night. The creeping woman she sees also hides herself when someone is coming. As the moon peeks through the windows, the narrator watches the woman in the wallpaper. She is no longer creeping and hiding, as the narrator is forced to also do by day, but shaking the â€Å"bars†of her prison, meanwhile the narrator is wishing John would take another room so that she could escape him. By the end of the story, she has completely forgotten about her wishes to have some kind of entertainment. As her husband is gone and she is able to trick Jennie into leaving her alone, the narrator manages to free the woman behind the wallpaper from it’s entangling grasp. Thus, she also frees herself from the controlling grasp of her husband. She is free to do as she pleases, which at the moment is creep around the room in the most unusual fashion. However, she seems to really be enjoying herself. Not only that, but she doesn’t even want to leave her room. When John returns, he sees that he is no longer in control what so ever, and faints. While he is kind of cumbersome and in the way, as the narrator now has to crawl over him to complete her circuit, this shows how completely she has triumphed. Society may find her actions disconcerting, but it is the very same society that pushed her away into isolation in the first place. Crawling over her husband’s inert body merely emphasizes the point that she has finally completely overcome him. She finally get’s her way.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Stability and bioavailability of different erythromycin derivatives :: essays research papers
1. Introduction Erythromycin is one of the most common used macrolide antibiotics. Over the years after Abbott introduced Erythrocin ® (erythromycin stearate) into the market, several generics and new brands have been introduced – generics in the form of different drug formulations and new brands in the form of different erythromycin salts. All these derivatives have the same pharmacodynamics and mechanism of action, but differ tremendously in their pharmacokinetics. This paper will give an introduction and a brief overview in the different stabilities and pharmacokinetics of the erythromycin salts and an introduction into new approaches in the field of macrolide antibiotics. Table of Contents 1. Introduction     2 2. Erythromycin – a brief chemical description     4 2.1 Crystal structure and hygroscopicity     7 2.2 Mechanism of action     8 3. Derivatives of erythromycin base     9 3.1 Erythromycin stearate     10 3.2 Erythromycin ethyl succinate     10 3.3 Erythromycin estolate     11 3.4 Comparison between erythromycin base and estolate     13 4 Chemical derivatives of erythromycin     13 4.1 Roxithromycin     13 4.2 Clarithromycin     14 4.3 Azithromycin     14 4.4 Dirithromycin     15 4.5 Flurithromycin     16 4.6 Comparison of properties among the newer macrolides     17 5 Discussion and conclusions     19 References     21 2. Erythromycin – a brief chemical description Figure 2.1 Advertisement for eryped ® [3] Erythromycin belongs to the chemical group of macrolide antibiotics (macros [greek] = great, -olid as the suffix for lactones). It's microbiological activity mainly covers bacterial infections of the respiratory tract and other infections with gram positive bacteria. In the case of erythromycin base, the 14-linked lactone ring (Erythronolid) is conjugated with one basic amino sugar (Desopamine) and one neutral sugar (Cladinose). Figure 2.2 Erythromycin base showing the aglycon (red), the basic amino sugar (green), and the neutral sugar (blue) [2] Erythromycin was first discovered in 1952 in Streptomyces erythreus. The spectrum of activity is equal to penicillin. The antibiotic activity is linked to the presence of the desoxy sugars. There are three known forms of erythromycin. The structure of erythromycin-A is the most common used in formulations and differs from erythromycin-B in the hydroxyl-group in position 13 of the lactone ring. Erythromycin-C is missing the methoxy-group in the cladinose sugar. [8] Stability problems first were discovered when Erythrocin ® was found to contain not the declared amount of erythromycin stearate. The first stability problem with erythromycin is because of its deliquescence. This could be prevented if erythromycin is stored under accurate conditions. Erythromycin has a poor water solubility and solutions decompose quicker if temperature is increased. Figure 2.1 shows the chemical degradation of erythromycin. The formation of the hemiketal is a dehydration and leads to the inactivation and loss of antibiotic activity. This step is highly pH sensitive. Figure 2.3 Chemical degradation and inactivation of erythromycin [4]
Monday, January 13, 2020
My Favorite Detective Story Essay
In my free time the most I like to do is reading books. Because with reading, it doesn’t matter is it a short story or a novel in several volumes, you can know something new about life. I enjoy reading different books but the most I like detectives and fantastic stories. My favorite detective story is Murder on the Orient Express by Agatha Christie featuring the Belgian detective Hercule Poirot. I first read it when I was 12 and it a little shocked me and left a great impression. The first I have always admired the talent of Agatha Christie, she is my favorite writer in detective genre, the mastery with which she described the story is incredible, the ending was completely unpredictable. And as always Hercule Poirot was simply inimitable. So what is story about? The Murder on the Orient Express. Mr. Ratchett was killed. Mr. Poirot accidentally discovers a note by means of which he learns that the murder of Ratchet directly connected with shocked all the world murder little Daisy Armstrong. Real name of Ratchett was Cassetti. Five years earlier, Cassetti kidnapped three-year-old Daisy Armstrong. Though the Armstrong family paid a large ransom, Cassetti murdered the little girl and fled the country with the money. Daisy’s mother, Sonia, was pregnant when she heard of Daisy’s death. The shock sent her into premature labour, and both she and the baby died. Her husband, Colonel Armstrong, shot himself out of grief. Cassetti’s guilt was proved. But despite this he could flee the country and escape further prosecution for the crime. Although the fact that all passengers have their alibis and witnesses proving innocence each of them Poirot because of its lively mind and experience reveals that crime. Hercule Poirot assembles all passengers and offers them 2 possible explanations of Ratchett’s murder. The first explanation is that a stranger – some gangster enemy of Ratchett – murdered Ratchett for reasons unknown, and escaped unnoticed. And the second – Ratchett was killed by all passengers because all of them were related to Armstrongs. He proposed to Bouc, the Head of the Orient Express, to choose the correct. Fully in sympathy with the Armstrong family, and feeling nothing but disgust for the victim, Bouc pronounces the first explanation is correct.
Saturday, January 4, 2020
Government And Local Officials During The 100 Day Period
During the 100-day period from April 6th to mid-July, 1994, an estimated 800,000–1,000,000 Rwandans were killed, which equaled as much as 20% of the country s total population and 70% of the Tutsi population living in Rwanda at the time. The genocide, which was begun by Hutu extremists in the capital of Kigali, spread throughout the country with astonishing speed and brutality. The Hutu government and local officials provoked ordinary citizens to bring death upon their neighbors. The way the government and local officials increased the hate between the Tutsi and the Hutus were by using the radio and newspapers. The national radio station, or RTMLC, and the newspapers that were being distributed mainly in Kigali were the ways these†¦show more content†¦a telegram with several requests. The requests were for more troops, to intercept weapons, and to shut down the radio. The U.N. denied the requests and stood by as this all happened, acting as if they had no idea what wa s going on. There should have been an intervention of some kind as soon as they received the telegram from General Dallaire. If the radio had been jammed, the killings would not have happened as fast as they did, or there would not have been as many deaths as there were. Propaganda was a huge contributor to the genocide, and most of the propaganda was spread through the same airwaves that the U.N. would not allow to be jammed. If the U.N. had not failed to respond to General Dallaire’s requests appropriately, the genocide probably would not have happened. There was a lot of history involved between the Tutsi and the Hutu people of Rwanda even before the genocide occurred. This history goes back even before the Europeans came to Rwanda. The Hutu have always been the majority, but the Tutsi were considered the elite. This was especially true because before the Europeans came, they had a Tutsi as their king. In the early 20th Century, when the Belgians took control over the Germans, they found the Tutsi to be easier to get along with and to be more â€Å"graceful†in appearance (meaning more Caucasian). In 1933, the Belgians introduced ethnic identity cards and made sure most of the jobs and education went to the Tutsi, which angered the
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